SF Overseas — Quạt Công Nghiệp | Cơ Sở Kiến Thức

1. Các Loại Quạt Công Nghiệp — Tổng Quan

Mỗi loại quạt phục vụ mục đích khác nhau. Hiểu đặc tính là bước đầu tiên để chọn đúng.

🔬 Mặt Cắt Quạt Hướng Trục

Hình 1: Mặt cắt quạt hướng trục — miệng vào, cánh quạt, cánh hướng, động cơ, bộ khuếch tán.

🌀

Quạt Hướng Trục

Lưu lượng cao, áp suất thấp. Thông gió chung, tháp giải nhiệt, hầm.

⚙️

Quạt Ly Tâm

Áp suất cao, lưu lượng vừa. Thu bụi, vận chuyển khí, công nghiệp.

💨

Quạt Phun

Thông gió xung tốc độ cao. Hầm xe, đường hầm.

🔄

Quạt Hỗn Hợp

Kết hợp hướng trục và ly tâm. Áp suất trung bình, nhỏ gọn. Hút khói.

🚇

Quạt Hầm

Quạt hướng trục đường kính lớn. Hầm đường bộ/sắt/metro. Chống cháy.

🔥

Quạt Hút Khói

Quạt nhiệt độ cao. Hoạt động khi cháy. Chứng nhận EN 12101-3.

Quạt Hướng Trục

Hướng Trục Flow Fans — The Workhorse of Ventilation

Hướng Trục fans move air along the axis of rotation. They are the most common type of industrial fan, characterized by high airflow rates at relatively low pressures.

Operating Principle: Air enters and exits the fan parallel to the rotating shaft. The impeller blades impart both kinetic energy (velocity) and static pressure rise to the air stream. Guide vanes after the impeller recover some of the kinetic energy as additional static pressure, improving efficiency.

Key Characteristics:

Flow range: 0.5–500+ m³/s — the widest airflow range of any fan type
Pressure range: 50–2,500 Pa — suitable for low to medium resistance systems
Efficiency: 60–85% depending on blade design (aerofoil blades achieve highest efficiency)
Blade types: Fixed pitch (simplest, most reliable) / Adjustable pitch (flexible, field-tunable) / Variable pitch in motion (complex, maximum control)

🔥 Fire-Rated Quạt Hướng Trụcs: Specially designed with high-temperature motors, bearings, and wiring to operate during fire emergencies. Available in F200 (200°C/2h), F300 (300°C/2h), and F400 (400°C/2h) classifications per EN 12101-3. These are critical for smoke extraction in car parks, tunnels, and atria.

Quạt Ly Tâm

Quạt Ly Tâms — High Pressure for Demanding Ứng Dụngs

Ly Tâm fans change airflow direction from axial to radial, generating significantly higher pressures than axial fans. They are the preferred choice when air must overcome substantial system resistance.

Operating Principle: Air enters the impeller eye axially, is captured by rotating blades, and is thrown outward by centrifugal force. The scroll-shaped housing collects the high-velocity air and converts kinetic energy to static pressure through the expanding volute.

Impeller Types and Their Ứng Dụngs:

Forward-Curved (FC): Many small blades curved forward. Compact, low noise, low tip speed. Best for: HVAC air handling units, fan coil units, residential ventilation. Pressure: 100–1,000 Pa.
Backward-Curved (BC): Fewer blades curved away from rotation. High efficiency (80–88%), non-overloading power curve. Best for: Industrial process exhaust, dust collection, clean air applications. Pressure: 500–5,000 Pa.
Radial (Straight-Blade): Simple flat radial blades. Handles dust, fibers, and particulate-laden air without clogging. Best for: Material conveying, grinding dust, wood chips. Pressure: 1,000–10,000 Pa.
Airfoil: Hollow aerodynamic blades like aircraft wings. Highest efficiency (up to 92%). Best for: Large HVAC systems, clean air processes, energy-critical applications.

⚙️ Lựa Chọn Rule: Choose centrifugal over axial when system static pressure exceeds 2,500 Pa, when the air stream contains particulates, or when space constraints don't allow in-line axial installation.

Quạt Phun

Quạt Phuns — Impulse Ventilation for Open Spaces

Phun fans use high-velocity air jets to create directional bulk air movement through entrainment, replacing traditional ductwork in large open spaces like underground car parks.

Operating Principle: A jet fan discharges a high-velocity air stream (15–35 m/s) through an optimized nozzle. This jet transfers momentum to surrounding air through entrainment — each fan can move 10–15× its own airflow volume. Fans create a "curtain" of moving air that pushes from fresh air intakes toward exhaust extraction points.

T = Q × ρ × v

Thrust (N) = Lưu Lượng (m³/s) × Air Density (1.2 kg/m³) × Outlet Velocity (m/s)

Key Advantages over Ducted Systems:

Space: No ductwork — saves 300–500 mm of ceiling height, increasing sellable parking area
Energy: Sensor-controlled operation — fans run only when CO/NOx levels demand it (typically 20–40% duty cycle)
Safety: Superior smoke control — creates directional smoke-free paths for evacuation and firefighter access
Flexibility: Easy to add or relocate fans if usage patterns change

Typical Ứng Dụngs: Underground and multi-story car parks | Loading bays and service yards | Bus and coach stations | Enclosed transport interchanges | Warehouse cross-ventilation

Quạt Hỗn Hợp

Quạt Hỗn Hợps — The Best of Both Worlds

Hỗn Hợp flow fans combine characteristics of both axial and centrifugal designs. Air moves both axially and radially through the impeller, providing medium pressure rise in a compact in-line configuration.

Operating Principle: Hỗn Hợp flow impellers feature conical hub shapes and specially curved blades that accelerate air both axially and radially. This hybrid flow pattern generates higher pressure than pure axial fans while maintaining a straight-through airflow path — eliminating the need for scroll housings.

Key Characteristics:

Flow: 1–50 m³/s — covers the mid-range between small axials and large centrifugals
Pressure: 200–1,500 Pa — handles moderate system resistance in ducted applications
Efficiency: 70–82% — better than axial at pressure, not as high as BC centrifugal
Noise: Typically 5–8 dB(A) quieter than equivalent axial fans due to guided airflow
Form factor: In-line cylindrical design — ideal for direct duct integration

🔥 Smoke Extraction: Hỗn Hợp flow fans are increasingly specified for smoke control systems because they combine compact in-line installation with the pressure capability needed for smoke shafts. F300 and F400 rated models are available for fire safety compliance.

Quạt Hầm

Hầm Ventilation Fans — Critical Infrastructure Giải Pháps

Hầm fans are large-scale axial fans engineered for the extreme demands of road, rail, and metro tunnel ventilation — moving massive air volumes reliably under both normal and emergency conditions.

Operating Principle: Large-diameter axial impellers (900–2,800+ mm) with aerodynamically optimized blades drive air through tunnels at controlled velocities. Fans can be configured for longitudinal ventilation (air moves along tunnel axis), transverse ventilation (air supplied/extracted through separate ducts), or semi-transverse systems combining both approaches.

Critical Thiết Kế Requirements:

Reversible operation: Hầm fans must be able to reverse airflow direction within 60–90 seconds — critical for fire scenarios where evacuation direction may change
Temperature rating: Typically F250 (250°C/2h) or F400 depending on fire load. Motor and blade materials selected for thermal stability
Structural integrity: Blades designed with safety factors for high tip speeds (up to 100 m/s). Fatigue analysis for 20+ year service life under cyclic loading
Noise attenuation: Integrated silencers achieving 15–25 dB(A) reduction for environmental compliance
Redundancy: N+1 or N+2 configuration standard — no single fan failure compromises safety

🚇 Ventilation Strategies: Road tunnels use jet fans for longitudinal ventilation (up to ~3 km), axial tunnel fans for longer bores. Metro tunnels require separate ventilation shafts with axial fans for normal ventilation (temperature/air quality control) and emergency smoke extraction. Rail tunnels balance piston effect from train movement with mechanical ventilation.

2. Hướng Dẫn Thiết Kế Hệ Thống

Universal design principles applicable across all fan types.

🔬 Đường Dòng Quạt Ly Tâm

Fig 2: Ly Tâm fan airflow path — air enters the impeller eye axially, is accelerated radially by centrifugal force, and exits the volute casing. ：，，

Thiết Kế

Thông Số Hiệu Suất Chính

Thông Số	Ký Hiệu	Đơn Vị	Ý Nghĩa	Tầm Quan Trọng
Lưu Lượng	Q	m³/s / m³/h	Volume of air moved per unit time	Primary sizing parameter — determines ventilation capacity
Áp Suất Tĩnh	Ps	Pa	Pressure available to overcome system resistance	Must exceed total duct/component losses for effective ventilation
Áp Suất Tổng	Pt	Pa	Ps + dynamic pressure (velocity pressure)	Represents total energy added by fan to air stream
Công Suất	P	kW	Electrical power consumed by fan motor	Operating cost driver — impacts project lifecycle economics
Hiệu Suất Tĩnh	ηs	%	(Q × Ps) / (P × 1000) × 100	Higher efficiency = lower energy cost. EC 327/2011 mandates minimums
Độ Ồn	Lw	dB(A)	Total acoustic energy radiated by fan	Determines noise impact — critical near occupied spaces
Công Suất Riêng	SFP	kW/(m³/s)	Công Suất per unit airflow	Tiêu Chuẩnized efficiency metric — lower is better
Vận Tốc Đỉnh	u	m/s	Peripheral speed of impeller blade tips	Limits noise, stress, and material selection

Thiết Kế

Định Luật Quạt

The fan laws allow engineers to predict how fan performance changes with speed, diameter, and air density. These are fundamental to all fan engineering.

Q₂/Q₁ = (N₂/N₁)

Lưu Lượng ∝ Speed

P₂/P₁ = (N₂/N₁)²

Pressure ∝ Speed²

W₂/W₁ = (N₂/N₁)³

Công Suất ∝ Speed³

Where N = rotational speed (rpm), Q = airflow, P = pressure, W = power. These laws apply for the same fan at different speeds with constant air density and system resistance.

💡 Practical Use: Doubling fan speed doubles airflow but increases power consumption 8×. This is why variable speed control (VFD) can dramatically reduce energy costs — reducing speed by just 20% cuts power consumption by ~50%.

Thiết Kế

Đường Cong Hệ Thống

Every ventilation system has a system resistance curve — a parabolic relationship showing how much pressure is needed to move different airflow rates through the ductwork, filters, dampers, and other components.

ΔP = K × Q²

System Resistance: Pressure drop ∝ Lưu Lượng²

The operating point is where the fan performance curve intersects the system resistance curve. This determines the actual airflow and pressure the system will deliver in operation.

If the system curve is steeper than expected (clogged filters, closed dampers) → airflow decreases, pressure rises
If the system curve is flatter than expected (duct leakage) → airflow increases, motor may overload
Select a fan whose best efficiency point (BEP) is near the operating point for optimal performance

⚠️ Common Mistake: Selecting a fan based on airflow alone without calculating system pressure drop. This results in fans that either fail to deliver required airflow (undersized) or operate inefficiently far from BEP (oversized).

3. Tiêu Chuẩn & Chứng Nhận

Understanding the key standards that govern industrial fan performance and safety.

🚇 Hệ Thống Thông Gió Hầm

Tunnel Fan

Jet Fan

Fig 3: Hầm longitudinal ventilation with jet fans — fresh air enters, jet fans push flow toward exhaust extraction point. ：，

Tiêu Chuẩn

Tiêu Chuẩn Quốc Tế

Tiêu Chuẩn	Phạm Vi	Yêu Cầu	Liên Quan
EN 12101-3	Công Suấted smoke & heat exhaust ventilators	F200/F300/F400 fire resistance classification; motor and electrical integrity at rated temperature for 2 hours	Mandatory for smoke control fans in EU/EEA markets
ISO 5801	Fan performance testing	Tiêu Chuẩnized test methods for airflow, pressure, power, and efficiency measurement; installation categories A-D	Basis for all fan performance data sheets worldwide
ISO 13347	Fan acoustic testing	In-duct and reverberant field sound measurement methods	Required for noise-sensitive applications
ISO 14694	Fan vibration & balance	Balance quality grades (G1.0–G16); vibration limits by application category (BV-1 to BV-5)	Determines fan reliability and service life
AMCA 210	Laboratory methods of testing fans	US equivalent of ISO 5801; air performance rating verification	Required for AMCA Certified Ratings Program (CRP) seal
EU 327/2011	Ecodesign for fans (ErP)	Minimum fan efficiency grades (FEG); maximum specific fan power (SFP); mandatory for all fans 0.125–500 kW sold in EU	Legal requirement in EU — affects product eligibility
ATEX 2014/34/EU	Equipment for explosive atmospheres	Spark-proof construction, anti-static materials, temperature class limits	Mandatory for fans in hazardous zones (chemical, mining, paint)

Tiêu Chuẩn

Chứng Nhận Cháy EN 12101-3

This is the most critical certification for life safety fans. The fan is placed in a furnace following the ISO 834 time-temperature curve. It must run continuously for 2 hours while exposed to rated temperatures.

Class	Temperature	Duration	Typical Ứng Dụng
F200	200°C	2 hours	Low-risk small car parks, stairwell pressurization
F300	300°C	2 hours	Tiêu Chuẩn car parks, atria smoke extract
F400	400°C	2 hours	Large/complex car parks, tunnels, high-occupancy buildings
F600	600°C	2 hours	Hầm emergency ventilation (rarely specified, extreme conditions)

📋 Declaration of Performance (DoP): Under EU CPR 305/2011, every fire-rated fan must have a DoP listing its certified performance values. Without a valid DoP, the fan CANNOT be legally sold or installed in EU/EEA countries. Always verify this document before purchase.

4. Cách Chọn Quạt Phù Hợp

A step-by-step methodology for matching fan type to application requirements.

Lựa Chọn

Cây Quyết Định

Define the application: What is being ventilated? General air movement? Smoke extraction? Dust collection? Process cooling? This determines the fan family.
Calculate airflow requirement: Based on air change rate (ACH), heat load, or contaminant dilution. Q (m³/s) = Room Volume × ACH / 3600.
Calculate system pressure drop: Sum of losses through all ductwork, filters, dampers, grilles, and other components. Use Darcy-Weisbach or friction chart methods.
Determine if fire rating is needed: Is this a life safety system? If yes, EN 12101-3 compliance is mandatory — determine required F-class based on fire risk assessment.
Select fan type based on pressure:
- Pressure < 1,500 Pa, clean air, in-line installation → Hướng Trục
- Pressure 1,500–5,000 Pa, may have particulates → Ly Tâm (BC or radial)
- Pressure 200–1,500 Pa, ducted, in-line, fire-rated → Hỗn Hợp Flow
- Open space, impulse ventilation, car park → Quạt Phun
- Large diameter, high volume, tunnel → Hầm Quạt Hướng Trục
Check efficiency: Verify the fan meets applicable ErP efficiency requirements (EU 327/2011). Select fan near BEP.
Assess noise: Calculate sound pressure at receiver location. Add silencers if needed.
Consider environment: Corrosive? ATEX zone? High temperature? Outdoor installation? Select appropriate materials and protection.

✅ Pro Tip: Always request the full fan curve — not just a single operating point. This allows you to verify that the fan will operate stably across the expected range of system conditions, not just at the design point.

Lựa Chọn

Ma Trận Lựa Chọn

Ứng Dụng	Loại Đề Xuất	Lý Do
General factory ventilation	Hướng Trục	High airflow, low cost
Car park smoke control	Quạt Phun / Hướng Trục	Impulse + fire-rated
Dust collection	Ly Tâm (Radial)	Handles particulates
Paint spray booth	Ly Tâm (BC)	ATEX compliance
Kitchen exhaust	Hỗn Hợp Flow	Compact, high temp
Staircase pressurization	Hướng Trục	F200/F300 rated
Hầm ventilation	Hầm Hướng Trục	Reversible, F250+
Cooling tower	Hướng Trục	High efficiency, large diameter
Data center cooling	EC Hướng Trục	Variable speed, energy efficient
Chemical fume exhaust	Ly Tâm (Radial)	Corrosion-resistant
Metro tunnel ventilation	Hầm Hướng Trục	Massive airflow, reversible
Atrium smoke extract	Hướng Trục / Hỗn Hợp Flow	F300/F400 certified

Lựa Chọn

Hướng Dẫn Chọn Vật Liệu

Môi Trường	Vật Liệu	Lớp Phủ
Indoor clean air	Galvanized Steel (DX51D)	Tiêu Chuẩn paint
Outdoor (mild climate)	Galvanized + paint	Epoxy primer + PU topcoat
Marine / coastal	SS304 / SS316	None required
Chemical / acidic	SS316 / FRP	Acid-resistant coating
High temperature (smoke)	Carbon steel + heat-resistant paint	Silicone-based, 600°C rated
Food / pharmaceutical	SS304 polished	Food-grade, easy-clean
ATEX zone	Aluminum or SS + brass inlet	Anti-static coating
Hầm (fire-rated)	Carbon steel + ceramic bearings	Intumescent coating

5. Lắp Đặt, Vận Hành & Bảo Trì

Best practices that ensure fan performance, reliability, and long service life.

🔧 Sơ Đồ Lắp Đặt

M16 Mounting Bolts

VIB Vibration Isolators

SIL Silencer (inlet & outlet)

600 Min Clearance: 600mm 600mm

DUCT Flexible Duct Connectors

Lắp Đặt

Danh Mục Trước Lắp Đặt

☐ Verify fan model, rotation, and voltage against project specifications
☐ Inspect for shipping damage — rotate impeller by hand to check for binding
☐ Check foundation/structure can support fan weight (static + dynamic loads)
☐ Ensure minimum clearance for maintenance access (600 mm around fan)
☐ For ducted fans: verify duct diameter matches fan inlet/outlet within ±2%
☐ For jet fans: confirm mounting position in upper 20% of ceiling height
☐ Check that all flexible connections are properly aligned (no twisting or stretching)

Vận Hành

Quy Trình Vận Hành

☐ Start fan briefly to check rotation direction (arrow on casing)
☐ Measure running current on each phase — should be within ±5% of nameplate
☐ Measure vibration: < 4.5 mm/s RMS for rigid-mounted, < 7.1 mm/s for flex-mounted (ISO 14694)
☐ Measure airflow at specified measurement plane (ISO 5801 procedure)
☐ Verify pressure rise across fan matches design specification
☐ Run for minimum 30 minutes at full speed, re-check all parameters
☐ Document all readings with date, time, and technician signature

Bảo Trì

Lịch Bảo Trì

Chu Kỳ	Công Việc
Monthly	Visual inspection; check for unusual noise/vibration; clean guards
Quarterly	Check and tighten all mounting bolts; inspect flexible connections; verify V-belt tension (centrifugal)
Semi-Annually	Clean impeller blades (debris unbalances fan); lubricate bearings per manufacturer spec; verify electrical connections
Annually	Full vibration analysis; motor insulation test (megger); impeller crack inspection; verify performance against baseline; replace worn parts
Every 5 Years	Bearing replacement (preventive); full impeller NDT inspection; motor overhaul or replacement; control system upgrade assessment

Xử Lý Sự Cố

Sự Cố & Giải Pháp

Triệu Chứng	Nguyên Nhân	Giải Pháp
Excessive vibration	Imbalance / loose mounting	Clean impeller; re-balance; tighten mounts
Low airflow	Wrong rotation / clogged	Check wiring phase; clean filters/ducts
Motor overload	System resistance too low	Add damper; check for duct leakage
Excessive noise	Bearing wear / resonance	Replace bearings; add vibration isolators
Motor overheating	High ambient / over-voltage	Improve ventilation; check supply voltage
Oil leakage (bearing)	Over-greased / seal failure	Reduce grease quantity; replace seal

6. Project Reference / Job Reference

Selected metro, tunnel, and infrastructure projects supplied by Shangfeng (Partial List).

Overseas

Metro & Tunnel Project List — Overseas (Partial)

SN	Project Name & Site	Location	Application System
1	TST Line East Rail HCC300	Hong Kong	Metro (TVF)
2	Marina Line Phase I	Singapore	Metro (TVF)
3	Mandatrock Tunnel	Singapore	Tunnel
4	Harbour Drive Cable Tunnel	Singapore	Tunnel
5	Kallang Express Way	Singapore	Tunnel
6	Marina Line Phase 3	Singapore	Metro (TVF)
7	Pusan Metro	Korea	Metro (TVF, UPE/OTE)
8	Senoko Cable Tunnel	Singapore	Tunnel
9	Circle Line Stage 1 Addition Fans	Singapore	Metro
10	Fort Canning Tunnel	Singapore	Tunnel
11	Eagle's Nest Height Tunnel	Hong Kong	Tunnel
12	Kowloon Southern Link	Hong Kong	Tunnel
13	Circle Line Stage 4 & 5	Singapore	Metro
14	Bangkok Airport Rail Link	Thailand	Metro
15	Taiwan Beiyi Highway Tunnel Ventilation	Taiwan	Tunnel

China

Metro & Tunnel Project List — China (Partial)

SN	Project Name & Site	Location	Application System
1	Zhejiang Anji Tianhuangping Hydro Power Cable Tunnel	China	Tunnel
2	Yellow River Xiaolangdi Hydro Power Cable Tunnel	China	Tunnel
3	Shanghai Metro Line 1 Extension	China	Metro / Tunnel
4	Shang San Xian Highway Tunnel (Zhejiang)	China	Tunnel
5	Zhejiang Yanjuling Tunnel Ventilation	China	Metro / Tunnel
6	Zhejiang Huangniling Tunnel Ventilation	China	Metro / Tunnel
7	Shenzhen Metro Tunnel Ventilation	China	Metro / Tunnel
8	Shenzhen Metro UPE / OTE	China	Tunnel
9	Guangzhou Metro Tunnel Ventilation	China	Tunnel
10	Shanghai Dapulu Road Tunnel	China	Tunnel / Metro
11	Nanjing Metro South-North Line 1	China	Metro / Tunnel
12	Shanghai Metro Mingzhu Line 2	China	Tunnel / Metro
13	Nanjing Xuanwuhu Tunnel	China	Tunnel
14	Fujian Zhangzhao Highway	China	Tunnel
15	Fujian Luochang Highway	China	Tunnel
16	Zhejiang Sanduling Tunnel	China	Tunnel
17	Long-Li Expressway Xikou Road Tunnel	China	Tunnel
18	Shanghai Metro Phase 1	China	Metro
19	Tianjin Metro Line 1	China	Metro
20	Zhejiang Zhoushan Eastern Harbour Cross Tunnel	China	Tunnel
21	Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant Phase 2	China	Nuclear
22	Yuan-Tai-Weng Expressway Yandunshan Road Tunnel	China	Tunnel
23	Jin-Li-Weng Expressway Bianfushan Road Tunnel	China	Tunnel
24	Jin-Li-Weng Expressway Nioutengling Road Tunnel	China	Tunnel
25	Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway Guangdong South Line Tunnel	China	Tunnel

Total: 15 overseas projects across 6 countries + 25 China projects = 40+ metro/tunnel references. Full project portfolio available upon request.

7. Tài Nguyên cho Nhà Phân Phối

📊 Tài Liệu Kỹ Thuật

Full specs, fan curves, dimensional drawings, wiring diagrams for all fan types.

Yêu Cầu →

🔬 Phân Tích CFD

Free computational fluid dynamics analysis for your projects. Lưu Lượng, smoke, optimization.

Gửi Dự Án →

📝 Mẫu Đề Xuất

Ready-to-use technical proposals, compliance letters, and tender response documents.

Tải Mẫu →

🎓 Đào Tạo

Online and on-site product training, CPD seminars, joint client presentations.

Đặt Lịch →

🏗️ Dự Án Tham Khảo

Case studies from completed projects across Asia, Middle East, and Europe.

Xem →

📧 Hỗ Trợ Kỹ Thuật

Direct access to our engineering team for technical queries and specification advice.

Liên Hệ →

8. Hướng Dẫn Vận Hành & Bảo Trì (OMM)

Comprehensive operation, lubrication, troubleshooting, and safety guidelines for industrial fan systems.

🔥 Đường Cong Cháy ISO 834 F400

Fig 5: ISO 834 standard fire curve showing temperature rise over time. F400 classification requires continuous fan operation at 400°C for 2 hours. ISO 834：F400400°C2

7.1

Quy Trình Hàng Ngày

Kiểm Tra Trước Khởi Động

Inspect fan casing and mounting — no loose bolts or structural damage
Verify impeller rotates freely by hand (power OFF)
Check all safety guards are in place and secured
Confirm supply voltage matches nameplate rating (±5%)
Verify control panel indicators show normal status

Trong Vận Hành

Monitor motor current — record hourly for first 8 hours of new installation
Listen for unusual noise patterns — grinding, squealing, or rhythmic thumping
Check vibration levels at bearing housings weekly
Verify temperature at motor and bearing surfaces — should not exceed 80°C (motor surface)

Quy Trình Tắt1) Reduce speed via VFD (if equipped) → 2) Allow 2-3 minutes cool-down at minimum speed 2-3 → 3) Cut main power → 4) Lock-out/Tag-out (LOTO) before any maintenance

⚠️ Safety Never open access doors while fan is running. Always follow LOTO procedures. Use appropriate PPE: safety glasses, hearing protection, gloves.

7.2

Lịch Bảo Trì

Chu Kỳ	Công Việcs	Personnel
Daily	Visual walk-around check; check for abnormal noise/vibration; verify control panel readings ；	Operator
Weekly	Record vibration readings at bearing points; check motor current; inspect flexible connections for wear	Bảo Trì Tech
Monthly	Clean fan guards and inlet screens; check and tighten all accessible bolts; verify emergency stop function	Bảo Trì Tech
Quarterly	Full bolt torque check; V-belt tension adjustment (centrifugal); bearing grease replenishment; electrical terminal tightness	Senior Tech
Semi-Annual	Impeller blade cleaning; coupling alignment check; insulation resistance test (motor); functional test of dampers/actuators ；；（）；	Engineer
Annual	Full vibration spectrum analysis; NDT inspection of impeller welds; bearing replacement assessment; performance curve verification; control system calibration	Engineer + OEM
5-Year	Bearing replacement (mandatory); motor overhaul or replacement; complete impeller NDT; structural integrity check of casing/supports （）；；；	OEM Service

7.3

Hướng Dẫn Bôi Trơn

Bearing Type	Grease Specification	Chu Kỳ	Quantity
Deep Groove Ball	NLGI Grade 2, Lithium Complex (e.g. SKF LGMT 2, Mobilux EP 2)	Every 2,000 hours or 3 months	30–50% of bearing free volume
Spherical Roller	NLGI Grade 2–3, Lithium Complex, EP additives (e.g. SKF LGEP 2, Mobilith SHC 220)	Every 1,500 hours or 2 months	50–60% for <1000 rpm; 30–40% for >1000 rpm
Tapered Roller	NLGI Grade 2, Lithium Complex, High-Temp (e.g. SKF LGHP 2, Mobilgrease XHP 222)	Every 1,000 hours or monthly	Fill 1/3 to 1/2 of housing 1/31/2
High-Temp Ceramic	Synthetic PTFE-based grease, 250°C+ rating (e.g. Krytox GPL 227, Molykote HP-870) PTFE，250°C+	Every 500 hours at rated temp	Per OEM manual — typically 25–35%
Motor Bearings (6200/6300 Series)	NLGI Grade 2, Polyurea-based (e.g. SKF LGHQ 2, Chevron SRI-2)	Every 4,000 hours or 6 months	30–40% — DO NOT over-grease 30-40% —

💡 Grease Compatibility NEVER mix different grease types without checking compatibility. Polyurea and lithium greases can react, causing hardening and bearing failure. Always purge old grease completely when switching types.

7.4

Xử Lý Sự Cố

Triệu Chứng	Diagnosis	Giải Pháp
Excessive Vibration	1) Impeller imbalance (dirt buildup) 2) Loose foundation bolts 3) Bearing wear 4) Coupling misalignment	1) Clean impeller; re-balance to G6.3 2) Torque all bolts; check for cracked grout 3) Replace bearings if clearance exceeds limit 4) Laser-align coupling within 0.05mm
Excessive Noise	1) Bearing whine — lubrication issue 2) Aerodynamic surge — operating in stall 3) Structural resonance — mounting natural frequency	1) Re-grease; if persists, replace bearings 2) Check system curve; add damper or increase speed 3) Add mass or change mounting stiffness
Low Lưu Lượng	1) Wrong rotation direction 2) Clogged filters/coils 3) Closed damper or restricted duct 4) Fan operating on wrong curve point	1) Swap 2 phases (3-phase motor) 2) Replace/clean filters; clean coils 3) Inspect and open all dampers 4) Re-measure system resistance; verify selection
Motor Overheating	1) Over-voltage or under-voltage 2) High ambient temperature 3) Blocked motor cooling fan 4) Excessive starts per hour	1) Verify voltage within ±5% of nameplate 2) Improve local ventilation 3) Clean motor cooling passages 4) Limit to max 6 starts/hour for <10kW <10kW6
High Motor Current	1) System resistance too low (BEP overshoot) 2) V-belt too tight (centrifugal) 3) Incorrect voltage connection (star vs delta)	1) Add damper to increase system resistance 2) Adjust belt tension per manufacturer spec 3) Verify motor connection matches supply

7.5

Phụ Tùng Thay Thế

Part	Quantity	Replacement Chu Kỳ	Notes
Bearing Assembly (complete)	1 set per fan	5 years (preventive) 5（）	Match OEM part number exactly
V-Belt Set (centrifugal)	1 matched set 1	1–2 years 1-2	Always replace as matched set
Grease	2 cartridges per type	As consumed	Store in clean, sealed container
Flexible Connection Sleeve	1 per fan	3–5 years 3-5	Inspect for cracking every 6 months
Vibration Isolator Set	1 set per fan	5–8 years 5-8	Check for sag or cracking
Temperature Sensor	1 per fan	As needed (failure)	PT100 type, calibrated PT100，
Motor (complete spare)	1 for every 10 fans	10 years or as needed 10	Fire-rated for smoke fan applications

7.6

An Toàn Vận Hành

Khóa/Gắn Thẻ LOTO

ALWAYS isolate power before any maintenance
Verify zero energy state with voltmeter
Apply personal lock and tag to main disconnect
Release stored energy (capacitors, pressurized lines)
Attempt restart to confirm isolation

Nguy Hiểm

Rotating Parts Keep all guards in place. No loose clothing, jewelry, or long hair near operating fan.
Hot Surfaces Motor and bearing housings may exceed 80°C. Allow cooling before contact. Use thermal gloves.
Electrical Safety Only qualified electricians may access control panels. Arc flash PPE required above 240V.
Falling Objects Use proper lifting equipment when handling fan components. Never stand under suspended loads.

🔥 Xử Lý Khẩn Cấp1) Press Emergency Stop → 2) Evacuate area if smoke/fire detected /， → 3) Do not re-energize until cause is identified and resolved → 4) Report all incidents, including near-misses

Công NghệQuạt Công Nghiệp

Công Nghệ Shangfeng — Từ 1974

1. Các Loại Quạt Công Nghiệp — Tổng Quan

Quạt Hướng Trục

Quạt Ly Tâm

Quạt Phun

Quạt Hỗn Hợp

Quạt Hầm

Quạt Hút Khói

Hướng Trục Flow Fans — The Workhorse of Ventilation

Quạt Ly Tâms — High Pressure for Demanding Ứng Dụngs

Quạt Phuns — Impulse Ventilation for Open Spaces

Quạt Hỗn Hợps — The Best of Both Worlds

Hầm Ventilation Fans — Critical Infrastructure Giải Pháps

2. Hướng Dẫn Thiết Kế Hệ Thống

Thông Số Hiệu Suất Chính

Định Luật Quạt

Đường Cong Hệ Thống

3. Tiêu Chuẩn & Chứng Nhận

Tiêu Chuẩn Quốc Tế

Chứng Nhận Cháy EN 12101-3

4. Cách Chọn Quạt Phù Hợp

Cây Quyết Định

Ma Trận Lựa Chọn

Hướng Dẫn Chọn Vật Liệu

5. Lắp Đặt, Vận Hành & Bảo Trì

Danh Mục Trước Lắp Đặt

Quy Trình Vận Hành

Lịch Bảo Trì

Sự Cố & Giải Pháp

6. Project Reference / Job Reference

Metro & Tunnel Project List — Overseas (Partial)

Metro & Tunnel Project List — China (Partial)

7. Tài Nguyên cho Nhà Phân Phối

📊 Tài Liệu Kỹ Thuật

🔬 Phân Tích CFD

📝 Mẫu Đề Xuất

🎓 Đào Tạo

🏗️ Dự Án Tham Khảo

📧 Hỗ Trợ Kỹ Thuật

8. Hướng Dẫn Vận Hành & Bảo Trì (OMM)

Quy Trình Hàng Ngày

Lịch Bảo Trì

Hướng Dẫn Bôi Trơn

Xử Lý Sự Cố

Phụ Tùng Thay Thế

An Toàn Vận Hành

Công Nghệ
Quạt Công Nghiệp